Implementasi Light Terapi pada Ikterus Neonatus di Ruang Nicu Rumah Sakit Umum dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh

Abstract

One of the primary interventions in the management of neonatal jaundice is light therapy or phototherapy, which aims to effectively reduce serum bilirubin levels. This study aims to analyze the application of light therapy in the nursing care of patients with neonatal jaundice in the NICU of Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh. This research is experimental in nature, using a pretest-posttest design with a case study approach. The sample consisted of a single infant weighing 2300 grams who underwent light therapy in the NICU. Data were collected through direct observation, nursing assessments, and review of medical records before and after the therapy. The results indicated that light therapy significantly reduced bilirubin levels within the first 24–48 hours of treatment. The role of nurses in monitoring vital signs, ensuring optimal positioning and exposure time to the light, as well as providing education to the parents, played a crucial role in the success of the therapy. Moreover, minor side effects such as skin rashes and mild dehydration were minimized through adequate fluid administration and regular monitoring. In conclusion, light therapy is an effective intervention for lowering bilirubin levels in infants with neonatal jaundice. The active involvement of nurses in nursing care through close monitoring, preventive actions against side effects, and family education is essential in improving clinical outcomes for the patient.