Asuhan Keperawatan pada Pasien Pneumonia dengan Bersihan Jalan Nafas Tidak Efektif Melalui Tindakan Fisioterapi Dada di Ruang Shafa RSUDZA Pemerintah Aceh

Abstract

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory tract infection characterized by symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath. A priority nursing diagnosis commonly found in pneumonia patients is ineffective airway clearance. In Indonesia, the incidence of pneumonia increased significantly in 2024, reaching 1,278 cases with 188 deaths. In January 2025 alone, 105 cases with 12 deaths were recorded. In Aceh, pneumonia ranked fifth among respiratory illnesses, with a prevalence rate of 2.5% in 2018. Data from the inpatient ward of the Shafa Room at RSUDZA, Aceh Government Hospital, in April reported 20 pneumonia cases. This study aims to explore the nursing care provided to pneumonia patients experiencing ineffective airway clearance in the Shafa Room of RSUDZA. Assessment findings indicated complaints of productive cough and difficulty expectorating sputum. The nursing diagnosis established was ineffective airway clearance. Interventions were based on the Indonesian Nursing Intervention Standards (SIKI), including chest physiotherapy using the OTEK method. Nursing implementation was carried out for four consecutive days (4x24 hours) in accordance with the established care plan. Evaluation results showed improvements in airway clearance and regular breathing rhythm. The application of chest physiotherapy techniques proved effective in enhancing airway clearance, demonstrating its value as an independent, complementary nursing intervention.